نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، مدیریت منابع خاک و ارزیابی اراضی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
2 دانشجو کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه مدیریت منابع خاک و ارزیابی اراضی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
3 دانشیار، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ، شهرکرد، یران
4 کارشناس‌ارشد مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان، همدان، ایرانمرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، همدان، ایران
5 کارشناس‌ارشد سازمان آموزش و پرورش همدان و فارغ‌التحصیل گروه جغرافیای، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه
چکیده
در حوزه آبخیز می‌توان روابط بین عوامل ژئومورفومتریک و شاخص رسوب را مورد بررسی قرار داد. مدل رقومی زمین (DTM) مشتق از DEM، در دریافت، پردازش، ذخیره، مدیریت و پایش اطلاعات برای سطح حوزه آبخیز توانایی بالایی دارد. به کمک DTM در یک حوزه آبخیز می‌توان شاخص رسوب (قدرت رود، انتقال رسوب و رطوبت زمین) و برخی از عوامل ژئومورفومتریک همچون طول و شیب کلی آبراهه، طول و شیب آبراهه مستقیم، ضریب افت، پیچ و خم و ارتفاع پایین‌دست آبراهه را محاسبه و به‌عنوان نقشه ترسیم کند. حوزه آبخیز بهادربیگ با وسعت 216.692 کیلومترمربع در دامنه شمالی الوند استان همدان برای این مطالعه انتخاب شد. ابتدا رتبه‌بندی آبراهه در DTM مدیریت شد و نقشه شاخص رسوب به همراه نقشه برخی عوامل ژئومورفومتریک (روش درون‌یابی) برای چهار رتبه با 30 نقطه تمرکز ترسیم شد. از ترکیب شاخص رسوب با میانگین دبی رواناب و رسوب ایستگاه هیدرومتری، دو عامل دبی رواناب و رسوب جزیی تحت عنوان تخمینگر نقطه‌ای پیشنهاد شد. در مدل رگرسیون کامل بین شاخص رسوب (متغیر وابسته) و برخی عوامل ژئومورفومتریک به همراه دبی رواناب و رسوب جزیی (متغیر مستقل)، روابط آماری معنیداری در سطح یک و 2.5 درصد آمد. نتایج نشان داد که به‌ترتیب دبی رواناب و رسوب جزیی، شیب آبراهه (کل و مستقیم)، طول آبراهه مستقیم، ارتفاع پایین‌دست و پیچ و خم آبراهه از مهمترین عوامل مؤثر بر شاخص رسوب می‌باشد. در خاتمه، بر اساس نتایج یک تابع سری زمانی (23 و 24 ساله)، روند تغییرات دبی رواناب در حوضه سیر نزولی داشت و با دبی رسوب مطابقت نمی‌کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Estimation of runoff, sediment discharge and rcognition geomorphometric factors using DTM in Bahadorbeyg Basin
نویسندگان [English]
- Saeed Arab 1
- Yasamin Segar 2
- Mehdi Naderi khorasgani 3
- Mohammad Asadi 4
- Parvin Kia 5
1 Assistant professor, Department of Soil Resources management and land evaluation, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Masters student Department of Soil Resources management and land evaluation, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
4 M.Sc of Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Hamedan, Iran
5 MSc of Ministry of Education in Hamadan, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]
In a watershed, we can investigate the relationship between geomorphometric factors and sediment index. Digital Terrain Model (DTM) derived from DEM, has a high ability to receive, process, store, manage and monitor information for a catchment area. With the help of DTM in a watershed we can calculate the sediment index (power stream, sediment transport and wetness) and some geomorphometric factors such as total length and slope along drainage, length and slope of straight drainage, drop coefficient, sinuosity and downstream elevation and its mapping. Bahadorbeyg Basin with an area of 216.69 km2 on northern pediment slopes of Alvand in Hamedan Province was selected for this study. First, the drainage rating was managed in DTM and the sediment index map along with the map of some geomorphometric factors (interpolation method) with four ranks and 30 focus points. Runoff and sediment discharge factors were proposed as a point estimator from the combination of sediment index with mean runoff and sediment discharge of the hydrometric station. In a complete regression model between sediment index (dependent variable) and some geomorphometric factors along with partial runoff and sediment discharge (independent variables), statistical relationships were significant at the level of 0.01 and 0.025. Results showed that the partial runoff and sediment discharge, the slope along drainage (total and direct), the drainage straight length, the downstream elevation and sinuosity are the most important factors affecting the sediment index, respectively. Finally, according to a time-series function (23 and 24 years old), the variation trend of runoff discharge had downward pattern in the basin and did not match with sediment discharge.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- AHP
- Continuous
- Digital map
- Full model
- Sediment index
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