نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دکترای ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان
چکیده
زمین‌لغزش‌ها از جمله مخاطرات طبیعی در حوزه‌های آبخیز هستند که هر ساله خسارات فراوانی را در پی دارند. فعالیت‌های نئوتکتونیک نقش مهمی در افزایش رخداد زمین‌لغزش دارد. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی ارتباط زمین‌ساخت فعال و پهنه‌های لغزشی با بهره‌گیری از شاخص‌های مورفوتکتونیک در حوزه آبخیز رودخانه فهلیان می‌باشد. به همین منظور، ابتدا زمین‌لغزش‌های منطقه به کمک تصاویر گوگل ارث، تصاویر ماهواره‌ای LANDSAT-8، عکس‌های هوایی و بازدیدهای میدانی شناسایی، برداشت و ذخیره شد. سپس، نقشه پراکنش زمین‌لغزش‌ها تهیه شد. در ادامه، نسبت به استخراج و محاسبه چهار شاخص مورفوتکتونیک حجم به سطح حوضه (V/A)، شاخص انشعاب‌پذیری (BR)، شاخص تراکم سطحی آبراهه‌ها (P) و شاخص برجستگی نسبی (Bh) اقدام شد. شاخص‌های مورفوتکتونیک در هر زیرحوضه اندازه‌گیری شد. محاسبه این شاخص‌ها با استفاده از نقشه‌های توپوگرافی و زمین‌شناسی، تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و بازدیدهای میدانی و با بهره‌گیری از اصول هندسی و ریاضی و به کمک امکانات موجود در نرم‌افزار ArcGis10.4 انجام گرفت. هر شاخص به سه رده به لحاظ فعالیت زمین‌ساختی تقسیم و در نهایت، بر اساس تقسیم‌بندی هر شاخص، سطح فعالیت زمین‌ساختی کل بر مبنای شاخص زمین‌ساخت فعال نسبی (Iat) منطقه تعیین شد. در ادامه، با انطباق نقشه پراکنش زمین‌لغزش‌ها با نقشه پهنه‌بندی زمین‌ساخت فعال نسبی، درصد زمین‌لغزش‌های رخداده در هر پهنه تکتونیکی مشخص شد. نتایج نشان داد که 67.34 درصد (428.34 هکتار) از زمین‌لغزش‌ها در مناطق دارای فعالیت تکتونیکی بالا که تنها 45.73 درصد از کل وسعت حوضه مورد مطالعه را شامل می‌شود، به وقوع پیوسته است. این نتیجه نشان‌دهنده نقش تکتونیک فعال در افزایش رخداد زمین‌لغزش می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigation the relationship between frequency of landslide with active tectonic, based on morphotectonic indices in Fahlian River Watershed
نویسنده [English]
- Hamid Babolimoakher
PhD of Geomorphology from university of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]
Landslide is one of the natural hazards in watersheds that cause a lot of damage every year. Neotectonic activity plays an important role in increasing the occurrence of landslides. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between active tectonics and landslide inventory using morphotectonic indices in the Fahlian River Basin. For this purpose, landslides distribution in the region were first mapped out and stored with the help of Google Earth images, LANDSAT-8 images, aerial photographs and field visits. Next to the extraction and calculation of four morphotectonic indices; volume to basin surface index (V/A), bifurcation index (BR), surface canal density index (P) and relative relief index (Bh). Morphotectonic indices were measured in each sub-basin. Preparation of these indicators has been done using topographic and geological maps, satellite images, field visits and using geometric and mathematical principles with the help of the features available in ArcGIS10/4. Each index was divided into three categories in terms of tectonic activity, and finally, based on the segmentation of each index, the level of tectonic activity of the region was determined on the basis of the index of relative tectonic activity index (Iat). Finally, by cross ovrlaying of the landslide inventory map to the relatively active tectonic zonation map, the percentage of landslides occurred in each tectonic zone was determined. The results showed that 67.34% (428.34 ha) of landslides occurred in the area with high tectonic activity, which covers only 45.73% of the total area of the study basin. This result indicates the role of active tectonics in increasing landslide occurrence.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Canal density
- Digital elevation model
- Geomorphic hazards
- Mass movements
- Neotectonic
- Abedini, M., Sh. Roustaei and M. Fathi. 2016. Landslide susceptibility zoning using the Bayesian-ANP theorem hybrid model, case study: south shore of Aharchai Catchment from Nasirabad Village to Sattarkhan Dam. Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 5(1): 142-159 (in Persian).
- Afshari, A., M. Ghahroudi, H. Sadough, M. Ehteshami and M. Moinabadi. 2019. Application of morphotectonic indices in landslide hazard analysis in Lorestan railway. Natural Hazard Management (former Hazard Knowledge), 6(1): 66-51 (in Persian).
3. Ahmadabadi, A. and M. Rahmati. 2015. Application of quantitative geomorphometric indices in identifying landslide prone areas using SVM model, case study: Khorramabad-Zal Bridge freeway. Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 4(3): 213-197(in Persian).
- Anderson, J.G., J.N. Brune, R. Anooshehpoor and S.D. Ni. 2000. New ground motion data and Concepts in seismic hazard analysis. Current Science, 79: 1278-1290.
- Andreyani, L.P., K. Stanek, R. Gloaguen, O. Krentz and G.L. Domínguez. 2014. DEM based analysis of interactions between tectonics and landscapes in the Ore Mountains and Eger Rift, East Germany and NW Czech Republic. Remote Sensing, 6: 7971-8001.
- Argyrioua, A.V., R.M. Teeuwa, P. Soupios and S. Apostolos. 2017. Neotectonic control on drainage systems: GIS-based geomorphometric and morphotectonic assessment for Crete, Greece. Journal of Structural Geology, 104: 93-111.
7. Babaei, Sh., M. Dehbozorgi, S. Hakimi and A. Hoseiniasl. 2017. Investigation of active tectonics using geomorphological indicators in Central Alborz. Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 6(1): 40-56. 8. Barjesteh, A. 2005. Investigation of the relationship between hydrographic network and fracture system in Gachsaran Formation in Ramhormoz region. Office of Water Engineering Research and Standards, Khuzestan Water and Electricity Organization, 137 pages (in Persian).
- Biswas, S. 2016. Analysis of GIS based morphometric parameters and hydrological changes in Parbati River Basin, Himachal Pradesh, India. Journal of Geography and Natural Disasters, 6(2): 1-8.
- Cheng, W., N. Wang, M. Zhao and S. Zhao. 2016. Relative tectonics and debris flow hazards in the Beijing mountain area from DEM-derived geomorphic indices and drainage analysis. Geomorphology, 257: 134-142.
11. Darvishzadeh, A. 2010. Geology of Iran. Amirkabir Publications, 434 pages (in Persian).
- Dehbozorgi, M., M. Pourkermani, M. Arian, A.A. Matkan, H. Motamedi and A. Hosseiniasl. 2010. Quantitative analysis of relative tectonic activity in the Sarvestan area, central Zagros, Iran. Geomorphology, 121(3-4): 329-341.
- El Hamdouni, R., C. Irigaray, T. Fernández, P. Fernández, J. Jiménez and J. Chacón. 2006. Active tectonics as determinant factor in GIS landslides susceptibility mapping: application to the SW border of Sierra Nevada, Granada, Spain. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 8: 1607-1625.
- El Hamdouni, R., C. Irigaray, T. Fernández, P. Fernández, J. Jiménez, J. Chacón and E.A. Keller. 2008. Assessment of relative active tectonic, southwest border of Sierra Nevada, Southern Spain. Geomorphology, 96: 150-173.
15. Ghasemyan, B., M. Abedini, Sh. Roustaei and A. Shirzadi. 2018. Comparative study of vector support machine models and tree logistics to assess landslide sensitivity, case study: Kamyaran City, Kurdestan Province. Quarterly Journal of Natural Geography, 6(3): 68-47 (in Persian).
- Guarnieri, P. and C. Pirrotta. 2008. The response of drainage basins to the late quaternary tectonics in the Sicilian side of the Messina Strait (NE Sicily). Geomorphology, 95: 260-273.
17. Habibi, A. 2015. Land slide survey by using indicators of morphotectonic. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 7(1): 108-98 (in Persian).
- Harkins, N.W., D.J. Anastasia and F.J. Frank. 2005. Tectonic geomorphology of the Red Rock Fault, insights into segmentation and landscape evolution of a developing range front normal fault. Journal of Structural Geology, 27: 1925-1939.
19. Hemmati, F. and D. Mokhtari. 2018. Evaluation of the risk of amplitude instabilities of Banarvan Fault using artificial neural network model (MLP). Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 7(1): 89-74 (in Persian).20. Ilanlou, M. 2020. Investigation of active tectonics of Dalaki Catchment using geomorphic indices and geomorphological evidences. Geography (Iranian Journal of Geographical Association), 18(66): 185-168 (in Persian).
- Jedari Eivazi, J. 2002. Geomorphology of Iran. Payame Noor University Press, 106 pages (in Persian).
22. Khalaj, M. 2021. Evaluation of tectonic activity of Qorveh-Dehgolan Catchment using geomorphic indicators. Quarterly Journal of Geography and Development, 19(62): 133-156.
- Khabbazi, M. and M. Shahbazi. 2016. Investigation and analysis of geomorphic indicators and its relationship with active morphotectonics in dry regions, Ardestan Playa. Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 13(2): 45-65 (in Persian).
- Mohammadi, S.D., S.H. Jalali and B. Saedi. 2017. Assessment of relative active tectonics in the Hamadan Abshineh Watershed using geomorphic and seismic characteristics of the region. Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 5(4): 190-207 (in Persian).
- Mokarram, M. and M. Shaygan. 2018. Landslide risk assessment and its relationship with landform type in GIS. Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 6(4): 31-17 (in Persian).
- Nik, Z., K. Yazdjerdi and H. Abdolazimi. 2018. Quantitave analysis of tectonic activity in the Gavkoshak of Kazeroun Watershed by morphometric indices. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 9(4): 371-382 (in Persian).
27. Panah Imani, A. and N. Hatef. 2003. Relative Earthquake Hazard Zoning in Fars Province. 4th Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran (in Persian).28. Parhizgar, F., A. Hejazi and L. Kodayeigheshlagh. 2018. Morphometric analysis of Baba Koohi and Kaftarak anticlines and its relationship with active tectonics. Physical Geography Quarterly, 11(41): 79-97 (in Persian).29. Rao, G., Y. Cheng, A. Lin and B. Yan. 2017. Relationship between landslides and active normal faulting in the Epicentral Area of the AD 1556 M~8.5 Huaxian Earthquake, SE Weihe Graben (Central China). Journal of Earth Science, 28(3): 545–554.30. Saffari, A., M. Yamani, A. Karam and P. Karami. 2019. Morphogenetic effects of active tectonics on landslides in Jajroud Basin. Quantitative Geomorphology, 7(3): 135-117 (in Persian).
- Sappington, J.M., K.M. Longshore and D.B. Thompson. 2007. Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: a case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 71: 1419–1426.
- Shayan, S. and Gh. Zareei. 2014. Zoning of earthquakes that occurred in Fars Province during 1900 to 2010 AD and comparing it with other research findings. Geographical Research Quarterly, 29(1): 89-104 (in Persian).
- Sharifi, R., M. Pourkermani and A. Solgi. 2013. Investigation of the relationship between active tectonics and landslide zones based on active tectonic indices. National Conference on Tectonics of Iran, Tehran (in Persian).
- Sharifi, R., M. Pourkermani and A. Solgi. Comparison slide zones by Nilsen method with active tectonic zones produce of Smf index. International Journal of Fundamental physical Sciences, 2(2): 24-29.
35. Sharifi, R., M. Moayyeri, H. Ghayour, H. Safayi and A. Seif. 2013. Investigate and matching of geomorphological and seismic evidence of active tectonics in Central Zagros area. Geography and Environmental Planning, 24(2): 175-192 (in Persian).
- Terzaghi, K. 1950. Mechanisms of landslides. Geotechnical Society of America, Berkeley, 83-125.
- Topal, S., E. Keller, A. Bufe and A. Koçyiğit. 2016. Tectonic geomorphology of a large normal fault: Akşehir fault, SW Turkey. Geomorphology, 259: 55-69.
- Wang, , L. Wenping, W. Yanli, P. Yabing, X. Maolin and Y. Dongdong. 2016. A comparative study on the landslide susceptibility mapping using evidential belief function and weight of evidence models. Journal of Earth System Science, 3(125): 645-662.
- Yamani, M. and Sh. Alizadeh. 2016. Investigation of new tectonic activities in Karaj Watershed through geomorphic indices. Quarterly Journal of Natural Geography, 9(31): 1-18 (in Persian).
- Yamani, M. and H. Elmizadeh. 2014. The effect of neonatal construction on the morphology of the drainage network of Nachi Watershed using geomorphic and morphometric indices. Quarterly Journal of Geographical Research, 29(1): 9-22 (in Persian).
)