نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران،
3 استادیار موسسه آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
شناخت و تحلیل رفتار شاخص‌های کم، پیش‌نیاز برنامه‌ریزی مدیریت منابع آب و مدیریت کشت در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک است. هدف از این پژوهش، تحلیل جریان کم و ارائه روابط منطقه‌ای با هدف شناسایی مناطق آسیب‌پذیر می‌باشد. به‌طور کلی در بالادست، جریان متاثر از بارش بوده، به سمت پایاب و پایین‌دست، جریان رودخانه پایدارتر می‌شود. در این تحقیق، ابتدا، با بررسی داده‌های دبی روزانه ایستگاه‌های آب‌سنجی موجود در آبخیز کرخه، تعداد 26 ایستگاه با دوره مشترک آماری انتخاب شد. سری زمانی روزانه دبی جریان، برای هر سال ایجاد شد. سپس، دبی‌های کمینه با پایه زمانی سه، پنج، هفت، 10، 15، 30 و 60 روزه و دبی متوسط سالانه برای هر سال و هر ایستگاه استخراج شد. یک شاخص جدید، با عنوان "شاخص کاهش" تعریف شد. سپس، روند شاخص جریان کم و تحلیل منطقه‌ای آن انجام و روابط رگرسیون تک متغیره و چند متغیره بین پارامترهای مستقل ارتفاع، مساحت، شیب و فاصله تا خروجی زیرحوزه آبخیز منتهی به هر ایستگاه و شاخص‌های وابسته جریان کم مربوط به آن ایستگاه استخراج و نتایج تحلیل شد. همچنین، میزان دقت شبیه‌سازی از طریق ضریب تعیین R2 برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد، با افزایش فاصله از خروجی آبخیز کرخه به سمت بالادست، روند شاخص بیشتر و همچنین، در سرشاخه‌ها، شاخص به‌دست آمده، کمتر از پائین‌دست می‌باشد. این موضوع بیانگر آن است که سرشاخه‌ها آسیب‌پذیرتر بوده، باید برای مدیریت بهتر منابع آب در سرشاخه‌ها متمرکز شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Low flow analyzing from upstream to downstream in Karkheh river basin
نویسندگان [English]
- Bagher Ghermezcheshmeh 1
- Rahim Kazemi 2
- Mojtaba Nassaji 3
1 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed management institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed management institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, institute of Agricultural Education & Extension, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Recognizing and analyzing the behavior of low flow indices is a prerequisite for water resource management and cropping pattern planning in arid and semi-arid regions. The purpose of this study was to analyze low flow in order to provide regional relations and identifying vulnerable areas. In this study, 26 stations with a common statistical period were selected by examining the daily stream flow data of hydrometric stations in Karkheh Basin. The daily stream flow time series was prepared for each year. Then, three, five, seven, 10, 15, 30 and 60 days low flow and average annual discharge were extracted for each year and each station. A new index was defined as the "low flow index". Then the trend detection of low flow index and its regional analysis was performed. Single and multiple regression between independent parameters of height, area, slope, distance to the outlet and related low flow indices extracted and results were analyzed. The accuracy of simulation was also estimated through the coefficient of determination. The results showed that by increasing the distance from the outlet of Karkheh basin upwards, the trend of the index was higher and in the branches, the obtained index was less than the downstream. This indicates that the branches were more vulnerable and should be focused on better water resources management in the branches.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Low flow
- trend
- morphometric parameters
- distance to outlet
- Karkheh Basin
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