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برآورد رواناب ذوب برف با سنجش از دور و مدل SRM در حوزه آبخیز سقز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مخاطرات اقلیمی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

2 استاد، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

4 دانشیار، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران

5 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

اهمیت برف و آب حاصل از ذوب آن در تامین منابع آب باعث شده است که مطالعات فراوانی در نقاط مختلف در زمینه برف­‌سنجی و محاسبه رواناب صورت گیرد. این پژوهش در حوزه آبخیز سقز در استان کردستان صورت گرفته که با توجه به کوهستانی بودن منطقه و اهمیت بالای برف و آب حاصل از ذوب آن، برآورد رواناب روزانه حوضه مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و از مدل رواناب ذوب برف SRM برای برآورد رواناب روزانه استفاده شد. بر این اساس، داده­‌ها و متغیر­های مورد نیاز در چهار سال متوالی از 2006 الی 2009 جمع‌آوری و رواناب ذوب برف برای چهار سال برآورد شد. برای محاسبه سطح برف از تصاویر سنجنده MODIS استفاده شد. پس از جداسازی پوشش برف این تصاویر، با بهره­‌گیری از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی مساحت برف روزانه برآورد شد و همراه با متغیرهای دیگر وارد مدل شد تا رواناب روزانه برآورد شود. برای کسب نتایج دقیق‌­تر و مدل ­کردن رفتار رواناب روزانه حوضه، واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی مدل انجام شد. با انجام واسنجی، مناسب‌­ترین مقدار برای هر پارامتر به­‌دست آمد. برای بررسی دقت مدل و مقایسه نتایج با داده‌های زمینی رواناب از ضریب تبیین و درصد تفاضل حجمی مدل استفاده شد. بر اساس نتایج، ضریب تبیین بین 0.90 تا 0.94 و تفاضل حجمی بین 6.8 تا 7.2 درصد بدست آمد که کارائی بالای مدل را نشان می­‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of snowmelt runoff using remote sensing and SRM Model in Saqqez Watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hersh Entezami 1
  • Sayed Kazem Alavipanah 2
  • Hamidreza Matinfar 3
  • Ali Darvishi 4
  • Kamran Chapi 5

1 PhD Student, Faculty of Geography, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Professor, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran

3 3Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran

5 Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The importance of snow and its water equivalent in water resources supply has caused many studies and researches to measure snow characteristics and runoff. Conducted in the Saqqez  Watershed, this research attempted to estimate snow–induced runoff in a mountainous area and the SRM Model was selected to simulate daily runoff from snow-melt. Based on the data and variables for four consecutive years of 2006 to 2009 collected and snowmelt runoff was estimated. MODIS satellite images were used to calculate the snow coverage area. After segregating the snow coverage from the images, the daily snow area was calculated using GIS, and along with the other variables, imported into the model. For better evaluation of efficiency of the model, the model was calibrated and validated. The process of calibration was led to the best estimate for each parameter. To evaluate the accuracy of model and comparing results with field data Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient and the percentage difference were used. The results of the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient were between 0.90 to 0.94 and the differences in the volume were 6.8 to 7.2 percent, which indicates the high-performance of modeling.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • GIS
  • LSU
  • MODIS images
  • Snow cover area
  • Subpixel method
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مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز
دوره 13، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 704-717
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