نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
2 دانشیار گروه آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
3 استادیار گروه آبخیزداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
4 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، واحد تهران
چکیده
هدف از این پژوهش، امکانسنجی پایش متغیرهای بارش، دما و تراز آب رودخانه در حوزه آبخیز چهلچای با مشارکت شهروندان است. حوزه آبخیز چهلچای جزء حوضههای کوهستانی استان گلستان میباشد. این حوزه آبخیز بهعنوان یکی از پرچالشترین حوزههای آبخیز استان در کانون توجه مسئولان و مدیران استان قرار دارد. بدین منظور، با طراحی و ساخت ادوات ساده و ارزان قیمت، متغیرهای مذکور بهوسیله افراد داوطلب (شش نفر شامل دو دانشآموز، سه شهروند زن و یک شهروند مرد) بهمدت پنج ماه اندازهگیری شد. دادههای ثبت شده، از طریق فرمهای کاغذی و تلفن همراه (پیامک، شبکه اجتماعی واتساپ و تلگرام) بهوسیله شهروندان به اشتراک گذاشته شد. برای ارزیابی و صحتسنجی دادهها، از آزمونهای همبستگی، t جفتی و ضریب کاپا بین دادههای برداشت شده بهوسیله شهروندان و ایستگاههای هواشناسی موجود در منطقه استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین دادههای ثبت شده بهوسیله شهروندان در مقایسه با ایستگاهها تفاوت معنیداری ندارد. شهروند زن با مدرک تحصیلی لیسانس، بیشترین تعداد ثبت داده را داشته، دادههای ثبت شده بهوسیله ایشان همبستگی بالایی با ایستگاههای رسمی پایش متغیرهای دما و بارش داشته است و شهروند مرد متصدی اداره منابع طبیعی کمترین تعداد ثبت داده را داشته، پائینترین همبستگی بین دادههای ثبت شده بهوسیله ایشان و دادههای ایستگاههای رسمی وجود داشته است. در مجموع، عملکرد خوب شهروندان (بهویژه زنان) در پایش آبخیز امیدوارکننده بوده، میتوان به کمک آنان دادههای قابل اعتماد، بهموقع و طولانیمدت جمعآوری کرد و کمبود داده بهویژه در مناطق کوهستانی دورافتاده را جبران کرد و فرایند تصمیمگیری و مدیریت آبخیزها را تسهیل کرد.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Feasibility study of watershed monitoring with participation of watershed citizens, case study: the Chehl-Chai Watershed, Golestan Province, Iran
نویسندگان [English]
- Maryam Sanjari Banestani 1
- Vahedberdi Sheikh 2
- Arash Zare Garizi 3
- Amaneh Avarand 4
1 MSc Student, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 Associate Professor, Watershed Management Dept., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Watershed Management and Dept., Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
4 PhD Student, Agricultural Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran Branch
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of monitoring precipitation, temperature and river stage variables in the Chehl-Chai Watershed with the participation of citizens/stakeholders. Simple and low-cost measurement tools were designed and provided to the local volunteers (two students, three women and one man) and they monitored the variables for five months. The data were recorded on paper forms and/or communicated through cellphones (text messages and social media applications of WhatsApp and Telegram). The citizen-collected data were compared with formal gauging stations using different statistical metrics including correlation coefficient, paired-sample t-test and kappa index. Results revealed that, the difference between the recorded data by the participants and those of gauging stations were not statistically significant. A female citizen with academic education of bachelor’s degree recorded the highest frequency of data that had the highest correlation with the recorded data in the formal precipitation and temperature monitoring stations, while the technical staff man from the Natural Resources Management Office recorded the least frequent data that had the least correlation with the recorded data in the formal monitoring stations. In overall, the promising level of citizens’ performance in monitoring the watershed, suggests that it is really feasible to collect reliable, on-time, and long-term data that can be used to obviate lack of data, particularly in remote mountainous areas and facilitates the decision-making and watersheds management process.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Citizen science
- Crowdsourcing
- Lack of data
- Participatory monitoring
- Watershed stakeholders
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