نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی دانشگاه یزد
2 استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد
3 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه اردکان
چکیده
امروزه پروژههای مختلف آبخیزداری در حوزههای آبخیز اجرا می‌شود، گاهی این پروژه‌ها با وجود مطالعه و هزینه بالا به‌دلایل مختلف ناکارآمد بوده، با شکست اقتصادی مواجه می‌شوند. در مطالعه حاضر، ابتدا پروژههای آبخیزداری انجام شده در حوضه پارسل A سد قشلاق سنندج معرفی شد. سپس، ارزیابی آن‌ها با تعیین عوامل داخلی و خارجی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. هدف استخراج مهمترین عوامل و ارائه راهبردهایی است که پروژه‌ها از نظر اقتصادی مفیدتر و از نظر عملکردی موثرتر باشند. بنابراین، ضمن تعیین نقاط ضعف، قوت، فرصت‌ها و تهدیدها با استفاده از پرسشگری از خبرگان، با کاربرد مدل تحلیلی SWOT و ماتریس کمی QSPM راهبردهای اجرایی-اقتصادی ارائه شدند. نتایج به‌دست آمده وزن بالای عوامل مدیریتی را نشان دادند. به‌طوری‌که بیشترین ارزش نهایی در عوامل خارجی را طرح‌های مطالعاتی ناکارآمد و عدم اختصاص بودجه برای تعمیر و نگهداری پروژه‌ها با امتیازهای 0.50 و 0.43 به خود اختصاص دادند. در عوامل داخلی بیشترین ارزش نهایی مربوط به تخریب و مدفون شدن سدها در اثر پایین بودن کیفیت ساخت با امتیاز 0.59 بود. بر اساس نتایج مدل SWOT، وضعیت راهبردی در ربع ST و WT قرار گرفته، از نوع محافظه‌کارانه و تدافعی است. یعنی راهبرد باید در جهت کاهش زیان ناشی از تهدیدها و نقاط ضعف با استفاده از نقاط قوت حوضه باشد. مطابق با این استراتژی راهبردها به‌وسیله متخصصین ارائه و با استفاده از ماتریس کمی QSPM اولویت‌بندی شدند. راهبرد اجرای پروژه‌ها در اراضی تحت مالکیت افراد و یا واگذاری حق تعمیر و نگهداری آن‌ها به مالکین با امتیاز نهایی 8.76 در اولویت اول قرار گرفت. نتایج پژوهش، نه‌تنها می‌تواند در راستای آگاهی از عوامل ضعف در پروژه‌ها کمک کند، بلکه می‌تواند در بهبود بازدهی اقتصادی پروژه‌ها نیز مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Evaluation of factors affecting the performance and economic productivity of watershed management projects using SWOT model
نویسندگان [English]
- Mina Jafari 1
- Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi 2
- Ahmad Fatahi Ardakani 3
1 Faculty of Natural Resources and Desertification, Yazd University
2 Professor, Department of Natural Resources and Desertification, Yazd University
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ardakan, Yazd, Iran
چکیده [English]
Today, various watershed management projects are being implemented in watersheds which sometimes, despite high study and cost, they are inefficient for various reasons and face economic failure. In the present study, first, different watershed projects in the Parcel A of Gheshlagh Dam in Sanandaj were evaluated. Then, their evaluation was examined by determining internal and external factors. The aim is to extract the most important factors and provide strategies that make projects economically viable and functionally effective. Weaknesses, strengths, opportunities, and threats of the region were extracted by experts and, using the SWOT analysis model and quantitative matrix of QSPM, economic-applicable solutions were presented. Results showed high value of management factors, so that the highest final value in external factors was inefficient study projects and the lack of funds for maintenance and repair of projects after implementation with scores of 0.50 and 0.43, respectively, and internal factors had the highest final value related to destruction and burial of dams due to the low quality of construction with a score of 0.59 which had the most impact on strategy selection. Based on the results of the model, the strategies are located in the ST quarter and are of a conservative method, in order to reduce the damage caused by threats and weaknesses by using the strengths of the domain. In accordance with this strategy, solutions were given by experts and prioritized by the quantitative matrix QSPM. The implementation of projects on land owned by individuals or the assignment of the right to maintain them to the owners with a final score of 8.76 was ranked first. The results of this research in the present economic situation of the country are very useful for informing authorities about how to optimize the implementation of watershed projects and will improve the instructions and implementation and the best use of projects.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Decision making models
- Economic evaluation
- Gheshlagh Dam
- Sanandaj
- Watershed management projects
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