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شناسایی کانون‌های گرد و غبار به تفکیک نوع کاربری با استفاده از تکنیک‌های سنجش از دور و منطق فازی، مطالعه موردی: جنوب شرق اهواز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 علوم تحقیقات

2 استاد علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران

3 گروه جنگل، مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

4 بهبهان

چکیده

طوفان­های گرد و غبار یکی از مهمترین مخاطرات زیست محیطی به­ویژه در اقلیم­‌های خشک و نیمه‌خشک است که آسیب­‌های جبران‌ناپذیری را به محیط زیست وارد می­‌کند. هدف این تحقیق، شناسایی کانون­های تولید گرد و غبار در جنوب شرق اهواز، با استفاده از تکنیک­‌های سنجش از دور و منطق فازی است. بدین منظور، در گام نخست تصاویر ماهواره­ای رخدادهای گرد و غبار شهر اهواز بررسی و گل طوفان فصلی ایستگاه سینوپتیک اهواز ترسیم شد و در گام بعدی معیارهای در نظر گرفته شده در دو دسته معیارهای اصلی (رطوبت سطحی، دمای سطحی و پوشش گیاهی) و معیارهای محدود کننده (کاربری اراضی، خاک­شناسی، اقلیم، شیب و رسوب­شناسی) تقسیم‌­بندی شدند که از میان آن‌ها نقشه معیارهای اصلی از تصاویر ماهواره لندست OLI-TIRS استخراج شد. برای استانداردسازی لایه­‌های محدودکننده از روش بولین و برای استانداردسازی لایه­های اصلی از توابع عضویت فازی استفاده و وزن­دهی لایه‌­های اصلی با استفاده از تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی صورت پذیرفت. در نهایت، نقشه نهایی کانون­های منشأ گرد و غبار با همپوشانی لایه­‌ها حاصل شد و دقت نقشه منشأیابی با استفاده از 44 نقطه کنترل زمینی سنجیده شد که گویای صحت  81.8 درصدی مناطق شناسایی شده است. بر اساس نتایج بررسی تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و گل طوفان ایستگاه اهواز، منطقه جنوب شرق اهواز محل تولید گرد و غبار بوده و 145162.01 هکتار از سطح منطقه منشأ تولید گرد و غبار است که کاربری­های مراتع تخریب یافته با 69343.01 هکتار (47.77 درصد) و کاربری نیزار با  335.99 هکتار (0.23 درصد)، به‌ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین سطح از منشأ تولید گرد و غبار در منطقه مطالعاتی را شامل شده­‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Detection of dust sources by land use type, using remote sensing techniques and fuzzy logic, case study: south-east Ahwaz

نویسندگان [English]

  • sohrab jamalpour bergai 1
  • hassan ahmadi 2
  • Aboalfazl Moeini 3
  • mohammad faraji 4

1 tehran

2 p

3 Department of Forest, Range and Watershed Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

4 behbahan

چکیده [English]

Dust storms is one of the most important environmental hazards, especially in arid and semi-arid climates, which causes irreparable damages to the various dimensions of the environment. The aim of this study was to identify dust sources in south-east Ahwaz, using a remote sensing technique and fuzzy logic. For this purpose, the satellite images of dust events of Ahwaz City were investigated and the wind characteristic of the study area were studied by plotting the storm rose of Ahvaz Synoptic Station. In the next step, the criteria were categorized into two categories: soil moisture, land surface temperature and vegetation constitute the main layers and land use, spatial data of soil, climate, slope and sedimentology were used as constraint layers. The main layers were extracted from Landsat OLI-TIRS satellite images. The Boolean method were used to standardize the constraint layers, and the fuzzy membership functions were used to standardize the main layers. Also, main layers weighting was done using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Finally, the dust sources map was obtained by overlapping the layer. To validate the results, 44 ground control point were selected from the study area that showed high accuracy (81.8%) for identified areas. Based on investigating of satellite image and storm rose of Ahvaz Synoptic Station, the south-east of Ahwaz was recognized as dust-generating source and 145162.01 ha of lands are dust generating sources from which 69343/01 ha (47.77%) belongs to destroyed rangelands and 335.99 ha (0.23%) belongs to Canebrake, contains the highest and lowest level of sources of dust production in the study area, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dust storms
  • Fuzzy-AHP method
  • Landsat OLI-TIRS
  • Land use
  • South-east Ahwaz
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مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز
دوره 13، شماره 2
تیر 1400
صفحه 255-268
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هم رسانی
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