با همکاری انجمن آبخیزداری ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

2 دانشیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 استاد دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

ارزیابی فلزات چسبیده به مواد معلق سیلاب‌های شهری، به مدیران اجازه می‌دهد تا اقداماتی در راستای بهبود کیفیت محیط شهری انجام دهند. در این پژوهش، به بررسی تغییرات مقدار غلظت فلزات سنگین سرب، روی و مس موجود در مواد معلق رواناب‌ها در حوزه آبخیز شهری بجنورد در دو فصل پاییز و بهار پرداخته شده است. به این منظور، تعداد 52 نمونه رواناب تهیه شد. پس از آماده‌سازی نمونه‌ها، تفکیک رسوبات معلق با استفاده از کاغذ صافی واتمن و پس از توزین مقدار رسوبات موجود در رواناب، با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی، مقدار فلزات سنگین محلول در رواناب و فلزات سنگین چسبیده به رسوبات معلق بر حسب ppb اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار وزنی رسوبات معلق در فصل بهار بیشتر از پاییز است. همچنین، نتایج حاکی از آن است که بیشینه غلظت فلزات سنگین غیرمحلول و چسبیده به رسوبات بیشتر از فلزات سنگین محلول در رواناب است. از سویی دیگر، نتایج بیانگر آن است که بیشینه میانگین غلظت فلزات روی و مس به‌جز سرب چسبیده به رسوبات در فصل بهار بیشتر از پاییز است و از نظر مکانی غلظت فلزات روی و مس در نمونه‌های رسوبات معلق رواناب مسیل صندل‌آباد (FC3S) بیشتر بوده است، این در حالی است که در خصوص فلز سرب در نمونه‌های معابر و شبکه انهار (FB2S) مقدار غلظت بیشتر بوده است. لکن تفاوت مکانی داده‌ها برای فلزات سنگین چسبیده به رسوبات معلق از نظر آماری معنی‌دار نیست. همچنین، نتایج آزمون همبستگی پیرسون حاکی از آن است که همبستگی مثبت اما پایینی بین سرب و روی (0.166=r) در فصل پاییز و بین سرب و مس (0.271=r) در فصل بهار برقرار است. معنی‌داری این همبستگی با استفاده از تحلیل خوشه‌ای به روش سلسله مراتبی مورد تایید قرار گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of heavy metals absorbed to suspended solids in runoff of Bojnourd urban watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • hasan izanloo 1
  • kaka shahedi 2
  • karim solaimani 3

1 Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran

2 Associate Professor of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University

3 Professor of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

چکیده [English]

Assessment of metals absorbed to suspended solids in urban floods, allows managers to take measures to improve the quality of the urban environment. This article examines the changes in the concentration of heavy metals such as lead, zinc and copper in suspended load of runoff from the Bojnourd urban watershed in autumn and spring seasons. For this reason, 52 samples were collected. After preparing the samples, separation of suspended sediment using the Whatman filter paper and then weighing the amount of sediment in runoff, using atomic absorption, the amount of heavy metals dissolved in runoff and heavy metals absorbed to suspended solids in runoff were measured in terms of ppb. The results showed that the amount of suspended sediment weight is higher in spring than autumn. Results indicated that the maximum concentration of insoluble heavy metals and attached to sediments is more than soluble heavy metals in runoff. On the other hand, the results revealed that the mean maximum concentration of zinc and copper, except lead attached to sediments, is higher in the spring than autumn and the spatial concentration of zinc and copper in samples of runoff suspended sediments from Sandalabad Stream (FC3S) is higher. While on the lead, concentration for the samples taken from the runoff pathways and drainage network (FB2S) was higher. However, the difference in location of data for heavy metals absorbed to suspended sediments is not statistically significant. The Pearson correlation test results showed that there is a positive but low correlation between lead and zinc (r =0.166) in the autumn and the lead and copper (r=0.271) in the spring. Significance of this correlation is certified using hierarchical cluster analysis method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Heavy metals
  • Pearson correlation
  • Suspended solids
  • Urban flood
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