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تحلیل بازار محلی مبادلات منابع آب زیرزمینی در حوزه آبخیز الشتر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت محیط­ زیست-اقتصاد محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

آب­‌های زیرزمینی مهمترین منبع آب شیرین جهان شناخته می‌­شوند. در کشور خشک و نیمه‌­خشک ایران عدم تطابق نیاز مصرف با زمان بارش‌­ها در کنار تغییر اقلیم باعث افزایش تقاضای آب­‌های زیرزمینی شده است. برداشت­‌های بی­‌رویه از آب­‌های زیرزمینی در حوزه آبخیز الشتر، سطح آب در آبخوان این دشت را به شکل قابل توجهی کاهش داده، منابع آب این منطقه را با بیلان منفی مواجه کرده است. با توجه به محدودیت ذاتی منابع آب کشور و افزایش شکاف بین عرضه و تقاضای آب، به­‌کارگیری ابزارهای اقتصادی و برقراری بازار آب برای تخصیص بهینه آب­‌های زیرزمینی یک ضرورت است. بر همین اساس، این پژوهش به­‌منظور تعیین قیمت بازاری آب­‌های زیرزمینی و با هدف شناسایی دقیق بازارهای محلی آب­‌های زیرزمینی و نیز سنجش دیدگاه بهره‌­برداران محلی بازار آب در مورد برخی از راهکارهای تقویت بازار طراحی و اجرا شده است. جامعه آماری در این پژوهش، تمامی بهره­‌برداران روستایی، همان برداشت کنندگان اصلی آب­‌های زیرزمینی حوضه بوده که در خرید و فروش این منابع مشارکت دارند. استناد به روش قیمت­‌های بازاری مستخرج از پیمایش­‌های میدانی در محدوده مطالعاتی، میانگین قیمت هر متر­مکعب آب زیرزمینی 1.749 ریال و ارزش اقتصادی کل آب­های زیرزمینی 555.307.500.000 ریال برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که در 103 روستا بازاری برای خرید و فروش آب‌­های زیرزمینی وجود دارد. همچنین، از بین روستاهای دارای بازار محلی آب زیرزمینی، 76 درصد روستاها با ایجاد تشکل­‌های مردمی و شورای تنظیم آب و 43 درصد روستاها با تشکیل تابلوی اعلانات برای تسهیل خرید و فروش آب‌­های زیرزمینی موافقت خود را اعلام کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Local market analysis of groundwater resources exchange in Alashtar Watershed, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Payam Amouzegari 1
  • Mostafa Panahi 2
  • mir khalagh mirnia 3

1 MSc, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Nour, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Management- Environmental Economics, Faculty of Natural Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor,, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modarres University,, Iran

چکیده [English]

Groundwater resources are the most important source of fresh water in the world. In Iran which is located in the arid and semi-arid region, mismatch of consumption needs with rainfall time along with climate change has increased the demand for groundwater. Excessive extraction of groundwater in the Alashtar Watershed reduced the water level in the aquifer of the plain and water resources of this area have faced a negative balance. Due to the inherent limitations of the country's water resources and increasing the split between supply and demand, the use of economic instruments and the establishment of the water market for optimal allocation of groundwater is a necessity. Accordingly, this study in order to determine the market price of groundwater with the aim of accurately identifying the local markets for groundwater and also measure the views of local water market operators about some of the strategies for advance the water market designed and implemented. The statistical population in this research was all rural exploiters are the main reservoirs of groundwater in the basin who contribute to the buy and sale of these resources. Regarding market prices in the study area, the average price of groundwater was 1,749 Rials per cubic meter, and the total value of groundwater was estimated as 555,307.5 Milion Rials. The results showed that in 103 villages there is a market for the buy and sale of groundwater. Those villages that have a local groundwater market, 76% of the villages have been established by creating popular organizations and the water regulatory council and 43% of the villages by create a bulletin board agreed to facilitate the buy and sale of groundwater resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Market prices
  • Optimal allocation
  • Water market
  • Water price
  • Water resources management
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مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز
دوره 12، شماره 2
تیر 1399
صفحه 454-466
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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