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بررسی روند پیشروی خندق‌های دائمی در حوزه آبخیز خرم‌بید استان فارس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

3 دانشیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 مربی پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

5 کارشناس ارشد بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

فرسایش خندقی یکی از بارزترین انواع فرسایش آبی است و به‌­عنوان یکی از مهمترین و مخرب‌­ترین شکل تخریب زمین و هدررفت خاک در سراسر جهان شناخته شده است. به همین دلیل، ضرورت شناخت دقیق عوامل مؤثر بر گسترش این نوع فرسایش به ­شدت احساس می‌­شود. از سوی دیگر، مدیریت و کنترل فرسایش خندقی نیازمند شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر گسترش آن‌­ها است. به ­این­ منظور، پژوهش حاضر با اندازه­‌گیری میزان پیشروی طولی خندق‌­های دائمی در دوره­ زمانی 13 ساله (1396-1383) و تعیین عوامل مؤثر بر آن­‌ها در حوزه­ آبخیز خرم­‌بید، واقع در شمال استان فارس اقدام کرده است. نتایج نشان داد، به‌­طور متوسط افزایش طول خندق‌­های منتخب در این دوره 21.67 متر بوده است. این آمار بیانگر آن است که در طول این دوره، خندق­‌های منتخب در هر سال 1.67 متر پیشروی طولی داشته­‌اند. همچنین، با استفاده از نرم­‌افزار SPSS (نسخه­ 16) و انجام رگرسیون چند­­متغیره­ پس‌­رونده، مشخص شد، میزان پیشروی طولی خندق­‌های دائمی در این منطقه تابع دو متغیر درصد خاک لخت و هدایت الکتریکی عصاره اشباع می­‌باشد. بنابراین، لازم است، راه‌کارهای مدیریتی افزایش مقاومت خاک در برابر فرسایش، شامل: افزایش پوشش گیاهی سازگار و مقاوم با شرایط طبیعی منطقه و قرق به‌منظور احیاء پوشش گیاهی در اولویت برنامه­‌های مدیریتی و اجرایی قرار گیرد و توجه بیشتری به کنترل فرسایش در پیشانی خندق‌­ها شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of permanent gullies extension trend in Khorrambid Watershed, Fars Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Masoud Soleimanpour 1
  • Majid Soufi 2
  • Mohammad Javad Rousta 2
  • Samad Shadfar 3
  • Ladan Jowkar 4
  • Hojatollah Keshavarzi 5

1 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran

3 2Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

4 Research Educator, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran

5 MSc, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Gully erosion is one of the main types of water erosion and is known as one of the destroying forms of land degradation and soil loss in the world. Therefore, knowing the most effective factors on extending this type of erosion is utmost important. Beside, management and control of gully erosion require knowing the most effective factors on gullies extension. So, the present study was performed to determine the most effective factors on gullies in Khorrambid Watershed, North of Fars Province through measuring the permanent gullies during 13 years (2004-2016). Results showed that the average of gully length extension was 21.67 m throughout this period. This data indicated that the length of gully extension was 1.67 m per year. Further, it is determined that the length expansion of permanent gullies in this region was a function of bare soil and saturated electrical conductivity, using SPSS and backward multivariable regression. In conclusion, it is suggested different management solutions to increase the soil resistance against the erosion be prioritized in management and implementation plans such as increasing adoptable cover vegetation for the natural condition of the region and exclude the area to restore vegetation cover and pay more attention to control erosion in gully head cuts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bare soil
  • Electrical conductivity
  • Measurement
  • Permanent gully
  • Vegetation cover
مراجع

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مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز
دوره 12، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 318-329
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هم رسانی
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