نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 دانشیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
رسوب‌نمود یک ابزار مهم در مدیریت منابع آب و خاک حوزه‌های آبخیزمحسوب می‌شود، لذا دست‌یابی به روش‌های مناسب برای تهیه رسوب‌نمودها در حوزه‌های آبخیز مختلف فاقد آمار دقیق رسوب معلق از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. حال آن‌که دست‌یابی به روش‌های ساده و مبتنی بر داده‌های زودیافت کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی توانایی تهیه رسوب‌نمود مصنوعی با استفاده از آب‌نمود در حوزه آبخیز گلازچای در استان آذربایجان غربی با مساحت 103 کیلومتر مربع انجام شد. بدین منظور بعد از تهیه بانک اطلاعاتی مربوط به 18 رگبار به‌وقوع پیوسته طی دوره زمانی پاییز 1390 تا بهار 1393، آب‌نمود و رسوب‌نمود کل و مستقیم هر یک از رگبارها تهیه شد. سپس شبیه‌سازی کلیه مؤلفه‌های رسوب‌نمود کل و مستقیم با استفاده از مؤلفه‌های متناظر آب‌نمود و با استفاده از برازش انواع روابط رگرسیونی دو متغیره و انتخاب مدل بهینه با استفاده از معیارهای مختلف صورت گرفت. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق به‌طور کلی شبیه‌سازی مؤلفه‌های مختلف رسوب‌نمود کل به‌جز زمان پایه، عرض‌های 50 و 75 درصد از اوج با استفاده از مؤلفه‌های آب‌نمود امکان‌پذیر بود. بررسی نتایج شبیه‌سازی رسوب‌نمود مستقیم نیز دلالت بر توانایی شبیه‌سازی کلیه مؤلفه‌ها به‌جز عرض 75 درصد اوج بود. نتایج همچنان نشان داد که شبیه‌سازی مؤلفه‌های زمانی با مقادیر خطای نسبی کمتر، بهتر از سایر مؤلفه‌ها صورت گرفت. به‌نحوی‌که کمترین مقادیر خطای تخمین و تائید برای رسوب‌نمود کل به‌ترتیب برابر 48.86 و 45.65 درصد برای زمان تا اوج بود. مدل بهینه ارائه شده برای شبیه‌سازی مؤلفه زمان پایه دارای کمترین میزان خطای تخمین و تائید به‌ترتیب برابر 23.03 و 21.75 و بیشینه ضریب کارایی برابر 0.93 بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Simulation of sediment graph using hydrograph
نویسندگان [English]
- Pari Saeidi 1
- Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi 2
- Abdulrasul Telvari 3
1 PhD Student, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Iran
چکیده [English]
Sediment graph is an important tool for soil and water resources management of watersheds. It is therefore important to find an appropriate procedure to simulate sediment graph data in different watersheds with inadequate and unreliable suspended sediment data. However, achieving simple procedures based on easily accessible data has been less considered. Hence, the present study was conducted in Galazchai Watershed in West-Azerbaijan Province, Iran, with an area of some 103 km2 to investigate the ability of synthetic sediment graph development by using hydrograph. Towards this attempt, a databank of 18 storm events occurred during autumn 2011 and spring 2014 was developed and corresponding total and direct hydrographs and sediment graphs were prepared. All total and direct sediment graph components were simulated using corresponding hydrograph components with the help of different bivariate regression models and the best performed model was ultimately determined by applying different criteria. The results showed that the simulation of different total sediment graph components was possible using hydrograph components except for base time and ordinates of 50 and 75 percent of peak. Direct sediment graph simulation results also verified the simulation ability of all components except for ordinates of 75 percent of peak. According to the results, simulation of temporal components with the lower relative errors had better performance than the other components. So that, for total sediment graph, the lowest relative estimation and validation errors for time to peak were 48.86% and 45.65%, respectively. Also, the best performed model developed for the direct sediment graph base time had the lowest relative estimation and validation errors of 23.03% and 21.75% and the highest coefficient of efficiency of 0.93.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Sediment behavior
- Sediment modeling
- Sediment-Runoff relationship
- Suspended sediment temporal variations
- watershed
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