نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه مهندسی عمران دانشگاه ازاد واحد استهبان
2 هیئت علمی گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه یزد
چکیده
در بسیاری از پروژه‌های مهندسی عمران مانند شهرسازی، جاده‌سازی، ویلا‌سازی و سد‌سازی قبل از طراحی و اجرا باید موضوع لغزش دامنه‌های منطقه بالخصوص در شرایط بارندگی شدید که ممکن است خسارات مالی و جانی به همراه داشته باشد مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. TOPMODEL یک مدل زیرسطحی است که جهت تخمین رواناب سطحی و زیرسطحی حوزه‌های آبخیز بر اساس مکانیسم دانی-بلاک به‌کار گرفته می‌شود. این مدل قابلیت تشخیص نقاط اشباع حوضه و تخمین کمبود رطوبت خاک کلیه نقاط حوضه می‌باشد. بین پارامتر اشباع پذیری دامنه‌ها که یک پارامتر کلیدی در مدل‌های لغزش به حساب می‌آید و کمبود رطوبت خاک ارتباطی وجود دارد که در این تحقیق ارتباط بین دو مدل زمین لغزشSINMAP وTOPMODEL و پارامترهای آن‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. برای این منظور از اطلاعات حوضه‌ی کوهستانی سد ایلام واقع در جنوب شرقی استان ایلام استفاده گردید. اطلاعات ده دامنه از منطقه جهت محاسبه لغزش برداشت گردید و با استفاده از GIS نقشه‌های کمبود رطوبت خاک و ایندکس اشباع پذیری دامنه‌ها بر اساس TOPMODEL و در نهایت نقشه‌های ضریب پایداری براساس مدل SINMAP برای منطقه محاسبه گردید. دامنه‌های شماره 3، 4 و 5 طبق مدل به ترتیب شبه پایدار، احتمال پایداری کمتر از 50% و احتمال پایداری بیشتر از 50% محاسبه شده‌اند و در طبیعت این دامنه‌ها ناپایدار نشان داده‌اند. دامنه‌های 8، 9 و 10 که در طبیعت از پوشش گیاهی درختان بلوط بهره می‌برند و پایدار هستند طبق مدل این سه دامنه نیز پایدار هستند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Landslide hazard zonation of catchments by using TOPMODEL and SINMAP models
نویسندگان [English]
- touraj sabzevari 1
- Ali Talebi 2
1 department of civil engineering, Estahban branches, Islamic azad university
2 Yazd university
چکیده [English]
In many civil engineering projects such as urbanization, road and dam construction, before designing and operating, the subject of landslide of the hillslopes, especially in the conditions of high rainfall, which may have financial and human damages, should be considered. TOPMODEL is a subsurface model used to estimate surface and subsurface runoff of watersheds based on the Dunny-Block mechanism. This model is capable of detecting catchment saturation area and estimating the soil moisture deficit (SMD) across catchment. There is a relation between the hillslope saturation index, which is a key parameter in landslide models, and SMD. In this study, the relationship between the two models of SINMAP (landslide model) and TOPMODEL and their parameters have been studied. For this purpose, the data of the ILAM Dam catchment data located in the southeastern province of ILAM in IRAN was used. The ten hillslopes of the area were taken to calculate the sliding. Using GIS, maps of SMD and index of saturation were calculated based on TOPMODEL, and finally, stability maps of SINMAP were calculated for the region. Hillslopes 3, 4, and 5 are quasi-stable according to the model, stability probability is less than 50% and stability probability is more than 50%, and in nature these hillslopes are unstable. The 8, 9, and 10 hillslopes that are used in nature from the vegetation of oak trees are stable, according to the model of these three hillslopes.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- TOPMODEL
- SINMAP
- ILAM dam
- Landslide
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