مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز

با همکاری انجمن آبخیزداری ایران

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

راهنمای نویسندگان

راهنمایی دریافت کد ORCID

داوران

راهنمای عضویت در Publons

ارزیابی تاثیر سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی در تامین آب آبیاری درختان پسته

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران

3 کارشناس محقق بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

از آنجائی که بیشترین آب مصرفی مربوط به بخش کشاورزی است، منابع آب قابل دسترس به­‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌­خشک عامل اصلی محدود­کننده تولیدات کشاورزی است. لذا، در صورت استحصال نزولات جوی و اعمال مدیریت صحیح آن، می­توان بخشی از کمبود منابع آب در مناطق یاد­شده را جبران کرد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، انتخاب مناسب‌ترین سطوح مختلف استحصال نزولات جوی بر اساس سامانه تصمیم‌­گیری چند­معیاره به روش تحلیل سلسله­‌مراتبی (AHP) و بررسی کارایی آن در تامین آب مورد نیاز باغات پسته بوده است. نتایج تحلیل AHP نشان داد، معیار اثرات زیست­‌محیطی با وزن 0.342 و معیار ماندگاری با وزن 0.284 به‌­ترتیب بیشترین میزان تاثیرگذاری موثرترین معیار در انتخاب بهترین سطح آبگیر بودند. سرانجام، سامانه آبگیر با سطح عایق ژئوممبران با وزن 0.371، به­‌عنوان مناسب­ترین سطح آبگیر انتخاب شده، سامانه‌­های آبگیر با سطوح عایق پلاستیک و ایزوگام به‌­ترتیب با وزن 0.350 و 0.279 در اولویت­‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. همچنین، نتایج حاصله نشان داد که از سطح آبگیر در مساحت 800 متر مربع و بارش متوسط سالانه 300 میلی­‌متر، پتانسیل استحصال 200 متر مکعب آب در سال وجود دارد. با این حجم آب استحصالی و انتخاب روش آبیاری قطره­ای همراه با فیلتر سنگریزه­ای، آب آبیاری سالانه 200 درخت پسته بارور در طول یک فصل زراعی تامین خواهد شد. بنابراین، با  استحصال نزولات جوی بخشی از آب مورد نیاز باغات در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک تامین شده و ضمن حفظ پایداری تولید و افزایش درآمد باغداران، از فشار مضاعف بر منابع آب سطحی و زیرزمینی نیز کاسته خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of different water harvesting surface effects for providing of pistachio trees irrigation water demand

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamshid Yarahmadi 1
  • Ghobad Rostamizad 2
  • Malek Rafieai 3
  • Karim Mehrvarz 3

1 Assistant Professor of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Zanjan, Iran

3 Researcher expert of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Since the most consumed water is in the agricultural sector, available water resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, are the main limiting factor for agricultural production. Therefore, by rain water harvesting systems and its proper management, it is possible to compensate part of water shortage in the mentioned region. The purpose of this study was to select the most suitable rain water harvesting techniques based on multi-criteria decision-making system using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and investigation of its effectiveness in supplying the water demand of pistachio gardens. The results of the AHP analysis indicated that the environmental impact criterion with a weight of 0.342 and permanency criterion with a weight of 0.284 were the most effective criteria for selecting of the best rain water harvesting system. Finally, the rain water harvesting system with geomembrane insulator with a weight of 0.371 was selected as the most suitable insulator cover, and two other rain water harvesting systems with plastic and isogam insulator were weighted with the weight of 0.350 and 0.279, respectively in the following priorities. Also, the results showed that from the insulated surface with an area of 800 m2 and an average annual rainfall of 300 mm, it is possible to harvest at least 200 m3 rainwater per year. With this volume of harvested water and the choice of drip irrigation with gravel filter, the annual irrigation water demand of 200 fruitful pistachio trees will be supplied during a crop season. Therefore, due to rainwater harvesting techniques, some parts of irrigation water demands of gardens will be provided in arid and semi-arid regions, as well as maintaining sustainability of production and increasing gardeners' revenues, the double pressure on surface water and underground water will also be reduced.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Analytic Hierarchy Process
  • Geomembrane insulator
  • Isogam insulator
  • Plastic insulator
  • Water harvesting surface
مراجع
  1. Adham, A., M. Riksen, M. Ouessar and C.J. Ouessar. 2016 .A methodology to assess and evaluate rainwater harvesting techniques in (semi-) arid regions. Water, 2016(8): 198-210.
  2. Akhtar, A., A. Yazar, A.A. Atef, T. Owies and P. Hayek. 2010. Micro-catchment water harvesting potential of an arid environment. Agricultural Water Management, 98(2010): 96–104.
  3. Ali A. and A. Yazar. 2007. Effect of micro-catchment water harvesting on soil-water storage and shrub establishment in the arid environment. International Journal of Agricultural and Biology, 9(2): 302-306.
  4. Esmaeili Uori, A., Golshan and K. Khorshidi Mianae. 2017. Zoning of suitable zones for runoff extraction using AHP and GIS, a case study: Sambour Tea Watershed of Ardabil Province. Journal of Geography and Planning, 21(61): 37-56 (in Persian).
  5. FAO-AGL. 2003. FAO Terrastat Database. Available online, http://www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/terrastat.
  6. Gholami, A. 2015. Examination of the role of rainwater harvesting system (steep roofs) for irrigation of gardens, a case study: citruses irrigation in Villa Gardens. Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 3(2): 45-54 (in Persian).
  7. Goddosi, J., Z. Shoaei, A. Telvari, M.H. Mahdian and Gafori. 2003. Rainwater harvesting system project for environmental sustainable development. Scientific Researches Console of Iran (Agricultural Commission), Tehran, Iran (in Persian).
  8. Hatibu, N. and F. Mahoo. 2000. Rainwater harvesting for natural resources management. Planning Guide for Tanzania, Technical Handbook No. 22, 144 pages.
  9. Hosseni, M. and M. Roghani. 2013. Comparison of rainwater harvesting methods in the rhombus water collection systems. Watershed Management Science and Engineering, 6(19): 7-18 (in Persian).
  10. Keshavarz, A., A. Khashie Siouki and M.H. Najafi. 2014. Proper location of drinking water extraction using fuzzy hierarchical analysis, a case study: Birjand Aquifer. Journal of Water and Wastewater, 25(3): 135-142 (in Persian).
  11. Kheyrkhah, A., F. Mohammadi and Memarian. 2015. Determination of suitable locations for rainwater harvesting using analytic hierarchy process in GIS framework, a case study: Roodsarab Watershed, Khooshab, Khorasan Razavi, Iran. Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 3(3): 1-14 (in Persian).
  12. Khojehi, A. and A. Bernosi. 2005. Evaluation of different treatments on durability increased moisture in the soil profile in rhombus micro-catchments. 2nd International Conference of Watershed and Soil and Water Resources Management, Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran (in Persian).
  13. Kirnak, H., C. Kaya, I. Tas and D. Higgs. 2001. The influences of water deficit on vegetative growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality in eggplants. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 27(3-4): 34-46.
  14. Krishna, H. 2003. An overview of rainwater harvesting systems and guidelines in the United States. Proceeding of the First American Rainwater Harvesting Conference, 21-23 Aug, Austin.
  15. Lal, R. 2001. World cropland soils as source of sink for atmospheric carbon. Advances in Agronomy, 71: 145-191.
  16. Li, X.Y., D. Gong and X.H. Wei. 2000. In-situ rainwater harvesting and gravel mulch combination for corn production in the dry semi-arid region of China. Journal of Arid Environments, 46: 371–382.
  17. Memarian, H., Tavassoli, S.M. Tajbakhsh, Z. Komeh, A.A. Abbasi and L. Parsai. 2015. Technical report: a guideline for designing and optimizing rainwater reservoirs in buildings, a case study: Golestan Province, Iran. Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 2(4): 55-68 (in Persian).
  18. Niknezhad, D. 2014. Investigation of operation of isolated, semi-isolated and natural surfaces in rainfall-runoff process of water harvesting system. Research Final Report, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran, 112 pages (in Persian).
  19. Niknezhad, D. 2018. Investigation of different water collection system for rain water harvesting in the mountain park of Auon-Ibn-Ali. Research Final Report, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran, 109 pages (in Persian).
  20. Oweis, T. and Hachum. 2006. Water harvesting and supplemental irrigation for improved water productivity of dry farming systems in West Asia and North Africa. Agricultural Water Management, (80): 57–73.
  21. Oweis, T. and Hachum. 2012. Supplemental irrigation, a highly efficient water-use practices. Revised and extended 2nd edition, ICARDA, 13 pages.
  22. Oweis, T. and A. Hachum. 2003. Improving water productivity in the dry areas of West Asia and North Africa. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, 179–197.
  23. Pacey, A. and A. Cullis. 1986. Rain water harvesting: the collection of rainfall and run-off in rural areas. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, 213 pages.
  24. Parsamehr, A.H. and Z. Khosravani. 2017. Investigating the potential of rainwater harvesting from the rooftops and its economic assessment, a case study: Fasa University. Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 5(3): 1-8 (in Persian).
  25. Rogani, M. 2007. Optimization of rainwater harvesting systems. Research Final Report, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Tehran, Iran, 97 pages (in Persian).
  26. Rostamizad, Gh., M. Mohseni Saravi, A.A. Nazari Samani and Z. Khanbabaei. 2013. Application of hierarchical analysis process in providing different water and soil conservation scenarios in the waters of the Talegan Watershed. Watershed Management Research, 4(8): 1-14 (in Persian).
  27. Sadeghzadeh Reyhan, M.E., D. Zareh haghi and R. Nishabori. 2013. Evaluation of different rainwater harvesting methods for increasing of soil moisture and pistachio growth. Journal of soil and Water Science, 4(23): 22-35 (in Persian).
  28. Schutz, M. and E. Fangmeir. 2001. Growth and yield responses of spring wheat to elevated co2 and water limitation. Environmental Pollution, 114: 187-194.
  29. Sepaskhah, A. and A. Kamkar Haghighi. 1997. Study of rainwater harvesting system for rainfed grape cultivation. Research Final Report, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, 125 pages (in Persian).
  30. Shaheni, Gh.R. 2006. Rainwater harvesting system optimization based on durability increased moisture in the soil profile. Research Final Report, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Tehran, Iran, 101 pages (in Persian).
  31. Soltani, A. 2017. Feasibility of susceptible areas for rainwater harvesting, based on AHP in GIS environment, a case Study: Khosroabad Watershed, Iran. Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 5(2): 65-76 (in Persian).
  32. Tahmasebi, R. 2007. Rain water harvesting. Institute of Scientific-Applied Science Education, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 200 pages (in Persian).
  33. Tavakoli, A. 2014. Determining the effects of runoff area situation on threshold runoff and water storage profile under micro catchment water harvesting systems. Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 2(3): 1-12 (in Persian).
  34. Tavakoli shirazi, N. and G. Akbari. 2013. An assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of rainwater harvesting methods. 2nd International Conference of Rainwater Harvesting Systems, Mashhad, Iran (in Persian).
  35. Xiao, Y.L., Zhong-Kui and Y. Xiang-Kui. 2004. Runoff characteristics of artificial catchment materials for rainwater harvesting in the semi-arid regions of China. Agricultural Water Management, 65: 211–224.
  36. Yaddollahi, A., N. Taymori and S. Sarikhani Khorrami. 2012. An evaluation of integrated rainwater harvesting system with super absorptive and organic materials for rainfed almond cultivation. Journal of Agricultural Water, 26(1): 1-20 (in Persian).
  37. Yarahmadi, J. Investigation of the gravel filter effect’s in influence optimization and its role in the increasing of soil moisture storage in rainwater catchment system levels. Research Final Report, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Tabriz, Iran, 125 pages (in Persian).
  38. Yazar, A., M. Kuzucu, I. Celik, S.M. Sezen and S.E. Jacobsen. 2014. Water harvesting for improved water productivity in dry environments of the Mediterranean region, a case study: pistachio in Turkey. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 200(5): 15-35.
مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز
دوره 12، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 900-912
فایل ها
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار