با همکاری انجمن آبخیزداری ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

یکی از منابعی که به‌‌شدت تحت تأثیر خشکسالی واقع شده و کمتر مورد توجه قرار می‌گیرد، آب‌های زیرزمینی است. با توجه به خشکسالی­‌های اخیر به­‌خصوص در مناطق مرکزی کشور، مطالعه تأثیر این خشکسالی­‌ها بر منابع آب بسیار حائز اهمیت است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش، مشخص­‌کردن خشکسالی­‌های هواشناسی و هیدروژئولوژیکی، بررسی اثرات خشکسالی هواشناسی بر نوسانات سطح آب زیرزمینی و تعیین نواحی بحرانی آبخوان دشت شهرکرد است. برای این‌منظور، از شاخص بارش استاندارد اصلاح­‌شده (SPImod) برای بررسی خشکسالی هواشناسی و شاخص منبع آب زیرزمینی (GRI) برای بررسی خشکسالی آب زیرزمینی و آزمون همبستگی متقاطع برای بررسی اثرات خشکسالی هواشناسی بر خشکسالی هیدروژئولوژیکی استفاده شد. برای انجام این پژوهش، از آمار بارش ماهانه ایستگاه سینوپتیک شهرکرد و اطلاعات مربوط به سطح ایستابی 35 پیزومتر موجود در سطح دشت به‌­صورت ماهانه در بازه زمانی 94-1363 استفاده شد. بر اساس شاخص GRI، آبخوان به سه محدوده در شمال، مرکز و جنوب ­غربی تقسیم شد. نتایج حاصل از همبستگی بین شاخص SPI اصلاح­شده در مقیاس­های یک، سه، شش، نه، 12، 18، 24 و 48 ماهه و شاخص GRI بیانگر وجود بیشترین ارتباط بین شاخص SPI اصلاح‌­شده در مقیاس 18 ماهه و شاخص GRI یک ماهه است. همچنین، شاخص GRI با تأخیر فاز زمانی شش و 18 ماهه در نواحی شمالی و مرکزی و بدون تأخیر زمانی بر مناطق جنوب غرب، اثر خشکسالی هواشناسی را بر آبخوان دشت شهرکرد نمایان می­‌سازد. مقایسه شاخص GRI معرف این سه محدوده نشان داد که نواحی شمالی و مرکزی آبخوان در وضعیت بحرانی­تر از نظر افت تراز آب زیرزمینی قرار دارند و نواحی خروجی دشت از وضعیت پایدارتری برخوردار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of hydrogeological and meteorological droughts in Shahrekord Plain and determining the critical areas of aquifer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeynab Hosseinpour 1
  • Mahdi Radfar 2
  • Rasoul Mirabbasi 3

1 MSc, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Iran

چکیده [English]

One of the resources that have been severely affected by drought is groundwater, however it has been considered less than other water resources. Due to the recent droughts especially in the central regions of Iran, investigating the impact of droughts on water resources is very important. The main aims of this study are characterization of meteorological and hydrogeological droughts, assessment the effects of drought on groundwater level fluctuations and determining the critical regions of Shahrekord Plain Aquifer. For this purpose, modified Standardized Precipitation Index (SPImod) and Groundwater Resource Index (GRI) were used to assess meteorological and groundwater droughts, respectively. Also, the cross-correlation test was used to investigate the relationship between the meteorological drought and the groundwater drought. In this research, the monthly precipitation data of Shahrekord synoptic station and monthly groundwater level data of 35 piezometers in this plain in the period of 1984-2015 were used. Based on the result of GRI index, Shahrekord Aquifer was divided into three regions which cover the north and northwest, central and south-east and southwest. The results of correlation between modified SPI in various time scales of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 48 months and GRI index indicates the highest correlation between 18-month modified SPI and GRI. The results also showed that the effect of meteorological drought on GRI index appears with 6 and 18-month delay on northern and central areas, respectively, and without delay on the South West of the Shahrekord Aquifer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquifer zoning
  • Groundwater resource index
  • Lag time
  • Modified standardized precipitation index
  • Synoptic station
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