Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Mashhad. Iran
3 Researcher, Tehran Province Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Varamin, Iran
Abstract
Introduction
In most of the countries of the world, both developed and under-developed, applied and developmental research in various economic and social sectors, including agriculture and natural resources is very important. To implement executive projects based on the results of research over the past years based on predetermined goals, financial, resources and relatively appropriate facilities in the agriculture and natural resources sector, including the watershed sector, have been considered and spent. Nevertheless, it has always been accompanied by many discussions from supporters and opponents. This article is the result of a study to evaluate the effectiveness of watershed management projects implemented based on the results of research in the Chandab Watershed of Tehran Province. which includes effective, flood distribution, rain catchment surface system, catchments, underground dam, water supply channels, flood expansion channels, and sediment catchment in this area. To investigate this issue, research projects based on solving the problems and issues of the study area, and the results in the form of watershed management plans and projects to control runoff and soil erosion, improve the condition of vegetation, and finally improve the economic and social status of watershed residents in the operational area have been implemented.
Materials and methods
To investigate this issue, research projects based on solving the problems and issues governing the study area, and their results in the form of watershed management plans and projects to control runoff and soil erosion, improve the condition of vegetation, and finally the improvement of the economic and social status of watershed residents in the region has been operationalized and implemented their identification and effectiveness in achieving the set goals of watershed management have been studied and analyzed from an economic and social point of view. This study is a descriptive and descriptive type, and the data required for the research was collected in the field by filling out the questionnaire from the residents and beneficiaries of the studied watershed and reviewing the financial reports for the expenses incurred. Before completing the questionnaire, its reliability and validity were measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The estimated alpha coefficient was 0.87, which indicates integration and coordination in the framework of the questionnaire. Then, the present value of the cost and income during the period was estimated. The benefit-cost method (B/C), rate of return and profit, satisfaction level, and economic efficiency index have been tested and analyzed.
Results and discussion
The results of the research showed that the farmers and villagers living in the studied watershed are fully satisfied with the implementation of the underground dam projects and watershed flood distribution catchments, and the implementation of these projects in the state of the watershed in terms of improving vegetation, control Floods, development of agriculture, animal, husbandry and improvement of income and livelihood of villagers have had significant positive effects. The selected projects implemented are economically and socially effective and have economic and social, justification. Thus, the benefit-cost ratio is estimated at 1.85 units, and the economic efficiency index is at 0.85 units.
Conclusion
The study results show that the watershed projects implemented in the study area are economically and socially effective. From a social, point of view, most of the users living in the studied area are fully satisfied with the implementation of watershed management projects. Considering the economic and social justification of watershed management projects, it is recommended to develop the implementation of watershed management operations in this and other watershed areas. For the local, people to benefit from the achievements of these projects and also to satisfy the local, people from the previous projects, it is suggested that these projects be carried out within the boundaries of the land of the beneficiaries so that the maximum participation of the beneficiaries is realized. To provide the possibility of entrusting the maintenance of watershed operations in watershed areas to the local, people and users with a specific and defined mechanism.
Keywords
)