Seyed Pedram Nainiva; Kaka Shahedi; Salahudin Zahedi; Hersh Entezami
Abstract
Snow cover has a significant role in management and supply of water resources in mountainous basins. In this order, this study aimed at estimating of contribution the snowmelt runoff in Chehelgazi Sub-basin at Kurdistan Province in supplying water requirements of its farmlands during 2012 and 2014. To ...
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Snow cover has a significant role in management and supply of water resources in mountainous basins. In this order, this study aimed at estimating of contribution the snowmelt runoff in Chehelgazi Sub-basin at Kurdistan Province in supplying water requirements of its farmlands during 2012 and 2014. To do so, SRM model and MODIS satellite images were applied to estimate runoff from the snowmelt and CROPWAT model was implemented to determine water requirements of farmlands. Through the findings, it was found that SRM model with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.97 and volume difference percentage of 0.14 for the calibration year (2012-2013) and coefficient of determination of 0.96 and volume difference percentage of 0.66 for validation year (2013-2014) was able to estimate snowmelt runoff. Moreover, the result from CROPWAT model showed that water requirement for farmlands in Chehelgazi Sub-basin was 1939371 m3yr-1. Ultimately, it was shown through the model that runoff from the snowmelt has 100 % potential in supplying water requirements in the basin. The result from this study can be used to provide a model for water planning in Chehelgazi Sub-basin.
Ali Salehi; Kamran Pourmoghadam; Aliakbar Noroozi; Amir eslam Bonyad
Abstract
In recent years, a considerable part of the western oak forests of the country has been faced with drought and decline. Initial studies have identified one of the factors affecting oak forest dryness as increasing frequency and severity of dust phenomenon. In this study, the MODIS sensors with a resolution ...
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In recent years, a considerable part of the western oak forests of the country has been faced with drought and decline. Initial studies have identified one of the factors affecting oak forest dryness as increasing frequency and severity of dust phenomenon. In this study, the MODIS sensors with a resolution of 1 km and 250 m and meteorological data of Kermanshah Province synoptic stations over a 15-years period (2014-2000) was used to investigate the dust phenomenon and the process of forest vegetation changes in the region. Dust intensity was investigated using visibility data and unsupervised image classification method. Also, in this study, the relationship between the occurrence of dust and vegetation changes in oak forests was investigated. Survey of dust events showed that Kermanshah Province had the highest number of dust events in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The highest incidence of severe dust was in 2012. In addition, satellite imagery and spectral indices also showed that the highest reduction of vegetation in dense forests (>50% canopy cover) by 67% and with an overall accuracy of 62% in the south and southeast of Kermanshah Province and at the border of Lorestan and Ilam provinces has happened. Results also showed that the frequency of dust phenomenon is highly correlated (70%) with the phenomenon of oak forest degradation; and dust has the effect of reducing the greenness of oak forests in Kermanshah province.
