Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi; Roghayeh Alipour; Hasan Fereydoni; Fatemeh Zahra Enayati; Alireza Pakravan; Reza Yaghoti; Mitra Moradnezhad; Fatemeh Esmailzadeh Ashini; Fatemeh Abdolbaghi; Sahar Mousavian; Reza Chamani; Marjan Bahlekeh; Hamed Beigi
Abstract
To prevent further land degradation, effective policies and strategies are imperative. This study reviews detailed executive studies of the Daftabad Watershed in South Khorasan Province, Iran, to identify its problems. Field visits and a fishbone diagram were used to create a list of regional problems ...
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To prevent further land degradation, effective policies and strategies are imperative. This study reviews detailed executive studies of the Daftabad Watershed in South Khorasan Province, Iran, to identify its problems. Field visits and a fishbone diagram were used to create a list of regional problems and challenges. The study evaluated six pillars of comprehensive watershed management, viz., legal, policy, economic, social, cultural, and knowledge. The assessment shows that the current approaches to managing the Daftabad Watershed face significant challenges, including inappropriate management patterns, climate change, lack of local community participation, investment deficiencies, and socio-economic issues. These factors have left the watershed highly vulnerable. Additionally, the lack of consideration for the diverse needs of the population, particularly women, has led to inadequate population management solutions. Utilizing the economic capabilities of the Daftabad Watershed, such as agriculture and barberry cultivation, to produce and market products and expand ecotourism, can reduce poverty and strengthen local economies. Comprehensive and systematic management can improve the current trend of watersheds, reduce the waste of water and soil resources, curb migration to larger cities, and mitigate environmental problems. Active participation of all stakeholders—government, private sector, NGOs, and local communities—is crucial in the design and implementation of this program. Emphasizing community participation, effective policy-making, investment in infrastructure, support for vulnerable groups, and integrating Indigenous and scientific knowledge can significantly contribute to its success.This study underscores the need for a comprehensive and participatory approach, providing solutions for improving Daftabad Watershed management. The results can serve as a model for managers and policymakers, emphasizing holistic and inclusive strategies for sustainable development and resilience. It is recommended that managers and planners prioritize evaluating, monitoring, and measuring the effects of implemented projects to preserve and restore healthy watersheds and prevent migration and associated problems in neighboring cities.
Hossein Kheirfam; Behzad Kheirfam; Yaaghoub Azhdan; Saleh Hossein
Abstract
Variability analysis of river sediment transport in different temporal and hydrological conditions is important in hydraulics and hydrological science and engineering. Otherwise, behavior analyzing of the riverian systems at the different temporal conditions is necessary in managerial decisions to control ...
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Variability analysis of river sediment transport in different temporal and hydrological conditions is important in hydraulics and hydrological science and engineering. Otherwise, behavior analyzing of the riverian systems at the different temporal conditions is necessary in managerial decisions to control and reduce sediment transport. However, knowledge about the type and amount of sediment in watersheds in various temporal and hydrological conditions is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variability of bed and suspended load and bed to suspended load ratio. The 6-years period (1998-2003) data of bed and suspended load (g l-1) and discharge (m3 s-1) were collected from Yazdekan station of Qotour Chay River. The analyses also were carried out in Excel 2007 software. The results indicate that discharge increasing caused that the suspended load was increased and the bed to suspended load ratio was decreased at all seasons. As well, the lowest and highest bed and suspended load transport were occurred at the winter and spring, respectively. Amounts of minimum, maximum and median bed to suspended load ratio at spring, summer, autumn and winter were 5.02, 563.99 and 27.34%; and 0.075, 2034.91 and 135.80%; and 28.31, 659.15 and 184.94%; and 28.96, 457.61 and 169%, respectively. Also, during the study period the bed to suspended load ratio was varied about 0.7 up to 2034%. Therefore, using indirect methods to estimate sediment is not accurate because of complex behavior of sediment particularly bed load and bed to suspended load ratio with discharge. By and large, it is necessary that daily bed load measuring in sediment gauges.
