Yahya Parvizi
Abstract
All worldwide studies verifies global phenomenon of climate change caused by the greenhouse effect of carbon emissions on this planet. Carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystem is a sustainable approach, with no environmental risks. One of the key potential in carbon sequestration in our country ...
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All worldwide studies verifies global phenomenon of climate change caused by the greenhouse effect of carbon emissions on this planet. Carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystem is a sustainable approach, with no environmental risks. One of the key potential in carbon sequestration in our country is the watershed management biomechanical operations in the natural resources areas. This research was conducted to evaluate this operation options in north and middle parts of Zagros ecological zone in atmospheric carbon sequestration and to offer optimal options for these regions. For this purpose, in each of the provinces (Kermanshah, Lorestan, Kurdistan and Fars), one or more representative sites were selected. Then, soil, biomass and litter sampling were taken by field operations using systematic randomized method. Soil organic carbon and other soil physic-chemical properties and carbon stock of biomass and litter samples were determined in the laboratory. Then, carbon sequestration indices including soil, biomass, litter and total carbon sequestration, were measured per hectare. Analysis of the research results indicated that these operations are mainly planting of different trees along with flood and water spreading and bankets. Watershed management operations sequester up to 3.41 to 112.1 tons of carbon per hectare. Contribution of soil from total carbon sequestration was around 95 to 99 percent measured across different study site. Native terracing with tree planting of grapes (Vitis spp) and almond (Amygdalus spp) were the more efficient option in carbon sequestration along the selected areas.
Tooraj Asadi; Seyed Saber Shahooei; Mohammad Asadi; Amir Mansour Shahsavar
Abstract
Due to the importance of water erosion in reducing soil fertility many studies have been done on the quantity of this destructive phenomenon. Tamura and Rogowosky found a meaningful relation between water erosion and Cs-137 loss in soil matrix. This report was the first of application of Cs-137 method ...
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Due to the importance of water erosion in reducing soil fertility many studies have been done on the quantity of this destructive phenomenon. Tamura and Rogowosky found a meaningful relation between water erosion and Cs-137 loss in soil matrix. This report was the first of application of Cs-137 method to estimate soil erosion since 1974. From 1974, the method has changed gradually and now is used in many studies. In this study,aerial photographs with scale of 1:20000 and topographic maps with scale of 1:50000 were used. 12 transects on the hilly lands (compound and uniform slopes) and 3 transects on the piedmont plain were studied. Surface samples were collected from different slope situations. The situations were collected from different slope situations.The situations were summits, shoulders, back slopes, foot slopes and toe slopes; gamma spectrometer was used to determine the Cs-137 of the samples. Soil erosion and sediment were calculated by Cochanouski (1993) Equation. Results showed that in summit, shoulder and back slope of the compound slopes, erosion is 68.42, 45.46 and51.16 Ton/ha/yr respectively. On the same situations of uniform slopes 79.6, 65.3 and 84.23 ton /ha/yr of soil losses were expected. In non-erosional situations (toe slopes), soil loss has been deposited. In foot slopes, i.e. dynamic sites, sedimentation process is more dominant than destructive ones. The correlation between USLE and Cs-137 models were statistically signification with % 95 probability.
Mohammad Reza Daneshvar; Mohammad Reza Danaeian
Abstract
In recent years, several flood-spreading projects are constructed in different provinces. Lack of information about planning criteria caused unsuitable ratio between flood spreading area and selected design flood discharge. To find a relation between two above-mentioned parameters this investigation ...
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In recent years, several flood-spreading projects are constructed in different provinces. Lack of information about planning criteria caused unsuitable ratio between flood spreading area and selected design flood discharge. To find a relation between two above-mentioned parameters this investigation was performed in 70-hec area of Miankooh flood spreading station. Soil infiltration tests were carried out before and after every flood spreading event. During the research period six flood events were harvested and several parameters were measured including; discharge, volume of flood, time of flood, volume of tail runoff, time of infiltration, area of flooded sections. In total, 2767288 m3 of flood volume was harvested and 2732361 m3 of water was infiltrated. Considering above-mentioned parameters, relation between maximum input discharge and flooded area, slope of the site, length of the embankment, height of weir and flood time were estimated and the final function was offered. As a result, height of weir and length of embankment have significant coordination (99%) with maximum input discharge.
